Carbureter for internal-combustion engines.



AIMEE 3 SHEETSSHEET l.

:mm-Mw Patented Dec. 3, 1918.

A. WEILAND.

.CARBURETER FOR INTERNAL comsusnoN ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV- 30. 1912.

2-2- Flak 4 OIL/IVE.

A. WEILAND.

CARBURE'TER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

APPLICATION FILED NOV- 30. 1917- Patented Dec. 3, 1918.'

amoemtoz A. WEILAND. CARBURETER FOR INTERNAL COMBUSTION ENGINES.

Patented Dec. 3, 1918.

3-SHEETSSHEET 3.

0////v.6-6. Fla-4.

APPLICATION FILED NOV-'30. 1917.

UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALFRED WEILAND, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA.

GAZRIBURE'IER FOR INTIEiRNAL-(.701ll|II|? US'.lION ENGINES.

Specification of Letters Patent.

' 1917. Serial No. 204,546.

To all whom it may concern:

Fig. 7 represents a section on line 7-7 Be it known that I, ALFREDWETLAND, a f Fig. 5.

citizen of the United States, residing at Philadelphia, in the county ofPhiladelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new anduseful Improvement in Carbureters for Internal-(jomloustion Engines, ofwhich the following is a specification. c

This application is filed as a d1v1s1on of application Serial Number152,528 and the invention relates to a carbureter for internalcombustion engines and having more particular reference to theregulatlon of the mixture with respect to the speed and load. It is anobject of the invention to provlde means under the control of pressureconditions in the motor intake for definitely pro portioning the liquidfuel and air so that irrespective of running conditions, the m0- torreceives a proper and efiicient mixture for the required condition. Itis an object therefore to provide means for automatically supplying amixture rich in liquid fuel under starting or slow speed conditions andwhich mixture can be automatically varied or controlled in such a mannerthat under high speed conditions, for example, or conditions ofrelatively light load, the liquid fuel will be automatically starved orcut down while the quantity of air in the mixture is proportionatelyincreased.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention, I have shown in theaccompanying drawings one form thereof which is at present preferred byme, although it is to be understood that the various instrumentalitiesof which my invention consists can be variously arranged and organizedand that my inventionis not limited to the precise arrangement andorganization of the instrumentalities as herein shown and described.

Referring to the drawings:

Figure 1 represents a plan of a carbu-v rete'r embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 represents a section on line 22 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 represents a section on line 3-3 of Fig. 2. i

Fig. 4 represents a plan of a modified form of the invention.

Fig. 5 represents a section online 5-5 of Fig. 4.

.Fig. 6 represents a section on llne 6-6 of Fig. 4.

Fig. 8 represents a section on line 8-8 of Fig. 5. l

1 designates the casing of the carbureter which is provided with aremovable cover or top 2 by means of which-access is had to the interiorof the carbureter for purposes of repair or otherwise, as will beunderstood. In the present instance, the casing 1 is so constructed asto form a carbureting chamber' 3, a main fuel reservoir 4, a suplementalor storing reservoir 5 and an auxiliary reservoir 6, the'latter havingdirect connection "and communication with a source of low level liquidsupply (not shown) by way of the pipe 7. The oarbureting chamber 3communicates with the atmosphere through the main air inlet passage 8and discharges into the motor intake by way of the outlet 9 and thisoutlet portion is of course subject to the pressure connliltrionsexisting in theaforesaid motor in- As here shown the carbureter nozzleor the mixture jet is formed in a part of the throttle valve controllingmeans and is located substantially transversely of the chamber 3 so thatwhen the throttle is open, the air entering by way of the passage 8 andtraversing the chamber 3 is divided and passes to opposite sides of thenozzle structure. Referring to Fig. 2, 10 designates the throttle valvewhich is suitably shaped and located to cut off the carbureting chamber3 from the motor intake as desired, and'in the present instance, thisvalve is formed with a central sleeve 11 which is fixed to the tubularstem 12 of the throttle valve operating means. Thus the stem 12 has abearing in the carburcter casing 1 and terminates in an enlarged head 13Patented Dec. 3, 1918. Original application filed March 6, 1917, SerialNo. 152,528. Divided and this application filed November 80,

communicate with the space 23 between the extension 20 and the sleeveplug 24 which is threaded into the casing 1 in'alinement with the stem12 and has its tubular portion encircling the extension 20 to form theaforesaid space 23. The body portion of the plug 24 forms a jetreservoir 25 which is supplied with fuel from the main reservoir 4 byway of thepassage 26 which has communication with the inlet 27 in theDlug 24. j

28 designates a needle valve for controlling the supply of liquid fuelto the mixture nozzle and in the present instance this valve isconnected to the lower end of the tubular plunger 19, so that as thesaid plunger moves in one direction or the other, the valve 28 iscorrespondingly shifted. Under normal conditions, the valve 28 is openbut is under the control of pressure conditions in the motor intakeacting in opposition to a coiled spring 29 which bears against a fixedpart of the stem 12 at one end and against the movable piston 30 at theopposite end. The piston 30 in the present instance is mounted for freesliding movement within the chamber 15. Thus the normal tendency of thesprin 29 is to raise the piston 30, plunger 19 and valve 28 to maintainthe fuel inlet fully open, while a reduction in pressure beneath theplunger 30, or rather within the stem '12, below a definite pressurecauses the spring to be overcome and the valve 28 to be partiallyclosed. It will be noted that a port 31 is provided to form acommunication between the interior of the stem 12 and the motor intakewhile a similar port 32 provides for the passage of air from theinterior of the plunger 19 to the jet chamber 25. This port 32 ispreferably below the normal liquid level or at least the level understarting and slow speed conditions so that the air drawn through isrelatively saturated with liquid fuel.

Referring now to the main reservoir 4 for liquid fuel, 33 designates anair vent suitably formed "in the casing 1 and communicatin with the saidreservoir above the normal iquid level whereby the liquid fuel issupplied by gravity action to the jet as will be understood. 34designates an outlet leading from the storing reservoir 5 to the mainreservoir 4 and having its mouth normally below the fuel level, so thatthe outlet is liquid sealed and the liquid from the storing reservoir 5gradually replaces the li uid used from the main reservoir 4 through t eaction of the air bubbling or rising through the liquid sealed outlet34.

35 designates the outlet from the auxiliary chamber 6 to the storingreservoir 5, this outlet, in the present instance, terminating wellwithin the chamber 5 and having its mouth normally sealed by the storedliquid fuel. A valve 36 is arranged to control the opening and closingof the outlet 35 and for this purpose is provided with a recipro'cablestem 37 \which is connected to a lever 38 which carthe casin wall isprovided with an opening 41, the opening and closing of which iscontrolled by the movement of the stem 4, and

as here shown, the said stem is annularly grooved as shown at 42 to forma passage or connecting conduit with a port 43 which communicates by Wayof the channel 44 with the motor intake. Thus in one position'of thethrottle, the groove 42 will provide a full size communicating passagebetween the ports 41 and 43 and in another position of the throttle thiscommunicating passage will be reduced in area to a proportionate extentboth with the end in view of maintaining a.

substantially constant vacuum within the chamber 6. a

In Figs. 4 to 8 inclusive, I have illustrated a modified form of thecarbureter in which there is a plurality of liquid fuel chambers of thetype shown in Fig. 2, one set of such chambers bein arranged at one sideof the carbureter. an the other set at the opposite side and'theconstruction affording means to continuously supply liquid fuel to thejet nozzle while at the same time means are provided for replenishing anexhausted reservoir. The general operation of this multiple set type isto alternately provide a fuel feeding reservoir and a reserve fuelreservoir which comes into operation when the former is exhausted andduring the time that the said exhausted chamber is automatically beingreplenished.

Referring to Figs. 5, 6, 7 and 8, 45 designates thecarbureter casingwhich is longitudinally sub-divided by a partition 46 or the like intotwo auxiliary chambers 47 and 48 which have communication respectivelyby way of the outlets 49 and 50 with a main reservoir chamber 51 whichsupplies the fuel jet through the port 52. In view of the fact that thejet structure as well as certain of its adjuncts are similar inconstruction to the construction described in connection with Fig. 2, itis deemed unnecessary to here give 25 which has suflicient clearancewith respect .52 and 53, respectively, opening a ainst the stem 12 ofthe throttle sleeve an so positioned as to aline with a groove: andbeveled notch 54 formed in the stem 12 so that one or the other of thesaid ports may be brought into communication with the port-'55 leadmg tothe channel 56 which has communication with the motor intake.

57 and 58 designate, respectively, float members located in the chambers47 and 48 respectively connected by the pivoted levers. 59 and. 60,valvexstems 61 and 62 with the valves 63 and 64 which control theoutlets .49 and 50 from the respective auxiliary The valve stem 61 ischambers 47 and 48.- provided with a shoulder part which serves as asupport for a loosely mounted valve 65 to the lever 59 as to open theinlet channel 66 for the liquid fuel and which channel communicates withthe low level liquid supply. A similar valve member 67 is' carried bythe stem 62 and operates in-a similar manner to control the liquid fuelinlet for the chamber 48, as will be understood. q

68 designates a lever pivotally mounted within the main reservoir 51 andhaving its ends respectively in contact with the valves 63 and 64 sothat movement of either under actuation of the corresponding float willcause the other valve to'move in the opposite direction, thus makingpositive provision for closing one of the outlet valves when conditionsmake it necessary for the other to be open. The main fuel reservoir 51is subject at all times to atmospheric pressure through the air .vent 69which is suitably formed in thecasing and terminates above the normalliquid level in the said reservoir 51.

The general operation of the forms of my invention is the same, sincethe complete unitary device acts as a means for feeding a gaseousmixture to a motor, controlling and proport oning the mixture inaccordance with pressure variations in the motor intake and alsoproviding ameans for continuously supplying liqu d fuel in regulatedquantities as required. Referring first to the throttle structure andits adjuncts, it will be noted that the throttle valve is substantiallyof hollow or tubular construction at its central portion and withinwhich the parts are so arran ed and coordinated as to form not only themain fuel jet of the carbureter but also an auxiliary reservoirembodying air and fuel supply to form an auxiliary jet which isparticularly advantageous for starting or slow speed conditions.Assuming these latter conditions to exist and the throttle, to be in itsclosed position, the fuel assumes a level in the chamber 25substantially liquid fuel and discharges throu h the outlet 22 to themotor intake whie' a second body of air is drawn through the ports 17,and passes by way of the ports 32 beneath the level of the fluid andbubbles its way to the outlet 22 so that the resulting combined mixtureis a saturated mixture well adapted for the requirements of starting orslow speed work. Under running conditions of the motor, the throttle jetbecomes less of an auxiliary or priming device since it is thentransformed into the main fuel jet and with the throttle open. thesuction is generally sufii'cient to practically empty the chamber 25 ofany surplus liquid fuel and the carbureting chamber draws directly uponthe main fuel reservoir for its supply.- In the present instance, I haveprovided an automatic regulation as an adjunct of the throttle valve andwhich operates to move the needle valve 28 in accordance with pressureconditions in the motor intake and the operation of this adjunct will beunderstood by reference to the spring pressed plunger 19 which isnormally held in such a position as to lift the valve 28 from its seatand procommunication by which the piston 30 is pulled in an oppositedirection to the'action of the spring and as the vacuum-lowers below theadjustment of the spring, the plunger 19 is moved to shift the valve 28toward its seat and thus cut down the supply of liquid fuel. In thismanner, the liquid fuel may be definitely proportioned to the airaccording to motor requirements and a substantially definitemixtureprovided for running co ditions whether under light load, heavy load,slow speed or high speed. It should also be noted that as the throttlevalve is opened. the port 22, which in closed position ofthe throttle isan air inlet. hecomes an additional discharge outlet for the fuel andthese fuel outlets are arranged to discharge into the main carburetingchamber ad acent the central portion thereof so that all of the fuel ispicked up by the air out of contact with the walls of the chamber.

What I claim is: 1. In a carbureter. a casing having a main fuelreservoir. a carbnreting chamber and a main air supply to said chamber,a throttle valve having a tubular part having openings therein, saiopenings 1n closed position of the throttle being respectively towardthe main air supply and toward the motor intake a fuel jet in saidthrottle valve adapted to discharge through one of said outlets inclosed position of the throttle and both outlets in open position ofsaid throttle, means to supply li uid fuel from said main reservoir tosaid uel jet, and means to deliver an auxiliary air supply to said fueljet.

2a In a carbureter, a casing forming a main fuel reservoir, acarbureting chamber and a main air supply to said chamber, a

- throttle valve having a tubular part provided with an outlet to themotor intake, a fuel jet in said throttle valve adapted to dischargethrough said outlet, means to supply liquid fuel from said mainreservoir to said fuel jet, and means to automatically vary the quantityof said supply according to pressure conditions in sald motor intake.

3. In a carbureter, a casing forming a main fuel reservoir, acarbureting chamber and .a main air supply to said chamber, a throttlevalve having a tubular part pro vided with an outlet, a fuel jet in saidthrot tle valve adapted. to discharge through said outlet, means tosupply liquid fuel from said main reservoir to sa d fuel jet, means todeliver a suppl of air to the interior of said throttle va ve, andpressure controlled means for varying the fuel supply in accordance withpressure conditions in the motor intake.

4. In a carbureter, a casing forming a fuel reservoir, a carburetingchamber, and a main air supply to said chamber, a throttle valve havinga tubular part provided with an outlet, a fuel jet in said throttlevalve having communication with said fuel reservoir, a valve controllingsaid communication, means normally operating to hold said valve open andmeans acting in opposition to said holding means to close or partiallyclose said valve.

5. In a carbureter, a casing forming a fuel reservoir, a carburetingchamber, and a' main air supply to said chamber, a throttle valve havinga tubular part provided with an outlet,.a fuel jet in said throttlevalve having communication with said fuel reservoir, a valve controllingsaid communication, a piston secured to said valve, a spring actingagainst said piston to hold said valve open, and means to subject oneside of said piston to the pressure conditions in said motor intakewhereby thesuction is opposed to'said sprin to close or partially closesaid valve according to the motor requirements. In testimony whereof, Ihave hereunto signed my name.

ALFRED WEILAND.

